Cultivator



A. S. KROTZ.. CULTIVATOR APPLICATION FILED DEC. 4. 1916.

Patented Apr. 18, 1922.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1- W m w kmk w NM WM m A. s. KROTZ.

CULTIVATOR.

' APPLICATION FILED DEC. 4, I916. 1,413,336. Patented Apr. 18, 1922.

- 6 SHEETSYSHEET 2.

A. S. KROTZ. CULTIVATORZJ APPLICATION FILED mac. 4. I916.

Patented Apr. 18, 1922. Q

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

A. S. KROTZ.

CULTIVATOR. APPLICATION FILED 050.4.1916.

Patented Apr. 18, 1922.

6 SHEETSSHEET 4.

s. KROTZ.

CULTIVATOR. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 4 I916.

Patented Apr. 18, 1922.

6 $HEETSSHEET 5.

Patented Apr. 18, 1922.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6- UNHTED- srAre's ALVARO s. KROTZ, on Jiiuiisvi irn isconsin, Assrenoitiro THE iiinn'svinnr.

MACHINE COMPANY, or JANE-SVILLE, W scons n, .4. CORPORATION 10F wis- CONSIN.

To all whom it may canoe mi:-

Be it'known that L'ALVARO S. Knorz, a citizen of theUnited States of America, and resident of Janesville, Rock County, lVisconsin, have invented a cert-ainnew and useful Improvement in Cultivators, of which the. following is a specification.

My invention relates to cultivating Ina chines of that kind in which the cultivate-1* gangs are connected with a frame supported bywlieels, said framehaving a seat for the rider, and'in which means are provided for enabling the rider to steer the machineto' the right or the left, as is often necessary in different kinds of work, such as the cultivation of corn planted in rows.

Generally state'd,'the object of my'invention is to provide animproved construction and arrangement whereby the rider-may have foot-control over the cultivator gangs, 'sothat either gang can be swerved'to one side, and whereby this foot-control will be accompanied by a swerving of the seat "in the other directiomcausing the wheels to skew relatively to the tongue'or pole, and thus permitting the rider to very easily and quickly control the machine for the purpose of steering it to" the right or the leftrand thereby keeping the gangs from running over the corn. 1 i

'It is also an object to providecertaindetails and features of construction and coinbinations tending to-increase the general efficiency and desirability of a cultivator having a! seat-c0ntrolled steering-arrange ment of this particular character.

To the foregoing and other useful ends,

' my invention consists in matters hereinafter set forth and claimed. 7 p

In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a plan of a riding cultivator em bodying. the principles of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the operationv of the seat-controlled steering-arrangement by whichthe wheels are skewed relatively to the tongue or pole.

I Fig. 3 is a side elevation of said cultivator, showing the near wheel removed for convenience of illustration.

Fig. 4 is a front elevation of said cultie vator' Fig.5 is an enlarged detail section on line 55 in Fig. 1.

ouL'rivAroia.

Specification cf Letters Patent. -Pa.i entefl "Ap -18, 1922. Application filed December 4, 1916. Serial No. 134,970. r i

lined-d in Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is anenlarged detail section on line fT-7 in Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail'section on Fig. 8 is an enlargeddetail section on line 8--8 in Fig. 7.

As thusv illustrated, my invention comprises a gang-arch A consisting, preferably,

of a round bar bentapproximately into the shape of an arch, and having its lower ends at bent outward to provide horizontal portions' to which the gangs B are connected.

As shown, eachgang comprises an ordinary gangebar b to which are secured the cultiyator-shovelsl of any suitable form or char- 7 acter. The gang-bars Z) are secured by vertical-pivotsQ upon the castings 3 which are 'rotatably mounted upon the horizontal end portions a of thegang-arch, so that each 7, gangcan swing up and down at its rear. end,"

with a point some distance forward on said tongue or pole. An arch-shaped axle D is provided at opposite ends with the support ing wheels d, and the upper portion of'this axle is mounted to turn in bearings '6 se-,

curedto the' rear end of the frame-barsE,

which latter constitute the main frame and areconnected together by a yoke c which encircles the tongue or pole and is provided with a vertical'pivot 7, which latter consists" 'ofa :bolt passingdownward through said tongue or pole. Brackets '8 are secured to,

the gang-arch'near the lower endsof the vertical portions thereof,*and brackets 9 are secured to the sides of the frame bars Fl,

whichlatter constitute themain frame of the machine. Links lO, consisting of rods. Wltll theirendsbent atan'angle, connect the bracketsS with the brackets 9, these links being disposed approximatelyinlvertical poi sit-ions atopposite sides of the machine, and

permitting said mainframe to swing side- F issecured in place'by the pivot 7 and verwise relatively to the gang arch." An evener evener F, which vertical bars are in turn connected at their lower ends by links 11 with the extreme outer ends of the gangarch. Each bar 7 has a whiflle-tree 12 suitably connected thereto.

A square rock-shaft G is disposed transversely below the main framebars E, and is supported in bearings g secured to said frame. Said shaft is provided with sleeves 13 which turn with the shaft in said bearings, and which are provided. with arms 14: connected by pivoted links 15 with the brackets 16 which are secured upon the axle near the lower ends thereof," whereby said axle is braced against turning in the bearings 6 on the rear ends of the main frame. A hand-lever H is secured upon the rockshaft G and is provided with a hand-operated catch or locking device hto engage th notches in the segment 17 which is rigidly secured to the main frame, so that when this hand-lever is locked in position the axle is rigidly braced by the links 15 which extend forward from the axle to the arms 1-1 on the rock-shaft. The segments I, one at each side of the machine, immediately outside of the frame, are rigid with the sleeves 13, but the two hand-levers i are mounted to turn on the outer ends of the sleeves 13, and are provided with hooks 18 which are connected by the chains 19 with the hooks 20 on the bars Z) of th cultivator-gangs. The hand-levers i are provided with suitable catches or looking devices 21, which may be of the usual character, to engage the notches of the segments 1, so that each hand-lever can be locked in any desired position relatively to its allotted segment. 'lVhen these hand-levers are raised and lowered, by unlocking them, or either of them, from the segments I, the cultivator-gangs can be raised from the ground. hen the handlever *l is unlocked from its segment 17. the shaft G and th twohand-levers 2'- and the segments I will all be rocked about a horizontal axis, with the result that both gangs will be raised in unison, and the axle D will tilt forward slightly, thus utilizing the weight of the frame and tongue to assist in raising the gangs from the ground. The hand-lever H is preferably provided with a short arm 22, at the rock-shaft G, which arm is connected by a spring with the bracket 24 on the main frame, whereby this spring assists in raising the cultivatoregangs from the ground. Heavy springs 25 are connected between'the brackets 26 on the upper portions of the gang-arch A and the brackets 27 which form portions of the connections between the cultivator-gangs and the lower horizontal portions of said gangarch. These springs 25, therefore, assist in raising the gangs from the ground, and their lifting power can be regulated by adjustment of the connection for the lower end the brackets 27, thereby giving each spring the benefit of either a greater or less leverage in raising the gangs. Horizontal rods 30 are arranged to slide endwise in bracket bearing 31 (which are integral with the hooks 20) on the gang-bars b,with acompression spring 32 at each side of each bracket, so that the endwise movement of these rods in either direction is resisted by springs. he forward ends of tiese rods 30 are hooked onto the outwardly extending arms 33 which are rigid with the castings 3 on the end portions of the gang-arch. In this way, lateral movement of the gangs is resisted by the springs 32, and after being swerved to one side the gangs then have a tendency to regain their normal positionsby reason of the action of said springs. Each gang is provided with a stirrup 34 for the feet of the rider, so that either gang can be pushed or swerved laterally away from the row of QOIH.

The seat-controlled steering-arrangement comprises the seat-frame J which is of suitable form and construction and is provided with a casting or cross-bar which is pivoted at 35 upon the top of the axle, so that this seat-frame and axle may skew relatively to each other. (See Fig. 2). The forward end of this frame J is loosely hooked onto the rearend of the tongue or pole C, in any suitable manner, so that said seat-frame may skew about a vertical axis relatively to said pole or tongue. For example, the

forward portion of said seat-frame may be provided with a loose link 36 which passes loosely through the eye 37 secured to the rear end of the pole or tongue, and with this arrangement theskewing of the wheels (Z relatively to the tongue or pole, and the consequent skewing of the seat-frame J relatively to said tongue or pole, is possible without injury to or straining of any of the different parts. A drivers seat. 38 is secured upon the rear end of the seatframe J, which latter extends rcarwardly a dis tance from the top of the axle D, whereby said seat is preferably a little in rear of the wheels and about over the rear ends of the two gangs. With this arrangement, it will be seen, the said frame J is not only a support for the drivers seat, but also iscapable of acting as alever to skew the tongue and wheels relatively to each other;

for when the driver uses one foot to thrust one of the gangs in one direction, the reaction of this muscular effort on the part of i the driver is exerted against the seat 38 in the opposite direction, so that the frame J then fulcrums at 35 and develops sufiicient leverage to forcibly carry the rear end of l the tongue or pole to, one side in a direction opposite to that in which the seat swings. In other words, if the seat swings to the right (see'Fig. 2'), theseat-frame J acts as a lever to swing the rear-end of the tongue or pole to the left, and, vice versa, when the seat swings to the left the rear end of the tongue or pole swings to the right. gang-arch A always remains at right angles to the tongue or pole C, and that the axle D always remains at right angles to the main frame formed by the bars E, so that the tongue and gang-arch constitute practically one rigid element, while the axle and the main frame constitute another rigid element, the two elements being pivotally connected together at 7, and the seat and its frame J constitute still another pivoted element which exercises a control over the other two elements to steer the machine to.

the right or left. In efiect, the forward end vof the tongueor pole C pivots on the neck yoke of the team, so that it is comparatively easy to swing-the rear end of the tongue C to one side or the other, vby

the lever formed by theseat-frame J,,thus

course, to point forward in the direction inwhich they are traveling, which is substantially parallel withthe tongue or pole, so that the gangs tend to stay at right angles, to the gang-arch'A, as shown in Fig. 2. [The rods 30 and springs 32 tend, also, to keep the gangs parallel with the pole or ton ue and'at right angles to the gang-arch E, for as soon as the gangs are swerved to one side the springs 32, which are compressed, willimmediately exert sufficient pressure to very soon bring the gangs back into normal position. Forthis reason, therefore, when the rear end of the tongue or pole C is swung to one side, causing the wheels and main frame to skew relatively to the tongue or pole, the rods 30 and springs 32 tend to swerve both gangs sidewise to keep them parallel with the tongue or pole. 1 r y In Figures? and 8,,the pivotal connection 35 is shown between the axle and the casting or .bar 7', whereby the seat-frame J is supportedupon the axle. Preferably, as shown, this connection consists of a socket 39 on. the bottom of the bar j, and a bracket 40 suitably clamped upon the axle and provided at its top .with rounded portion 41 which engages and turns in the socket 39, a vertical bolt 42 extendingthrough the bar y'and the portion 41 to form the pivotal connection. With this construction, the seat-frame J can turn easily on itsfulcrumlike connection 35 with the axle, in the manner explained.

I From the foregoing, it will be seen that a It will be seen, however, that the seat-controlled steering-arrangement is provided for swervlngvor veering the machlne cised being shoved over in a direction opposite to that in which the seat is swung.

If a gang is pushed over tothe left, the re- 7 action against the seat serves instantly to steer-the machine over'tothe left, anda similar effect is produced when the other gang is pushed over to-the right,- for in such case-the machine is immediately steered to the right, The gangs always remain parallel with the tongue, and the rear ends of the gangs are positively swung wellover to the left or the right. If it is desired to swerve the machineto the right, the rear ends of the gangs will be swerved or-swung over; to the right,;by movement of the seat to the left; and vice versa, the swinging of the seat to the right will swing the rear ends of the gangs to the left,pas shown in Fig. 2.

Thus, the weightof thedriverin the seatL-is utilized for guiding the machine in the desired-manner, and also to swing the gangs in the desired direction. 7 r a It will be seen, therefore, that in theconstruction. and organization thus provided, thevehicle wheels vskew about a common axis, relatively to the tongue or pole,.which common axis is providedby the pivot *7 at and is thus held in absolutely fixed relation to the tongue or pole, so that this gang-arch not only does not turnabout a verticalpivot,

but doesnot swing forward and back at its lower ends relatively tolthe tongue. A150,

the front end ofthe seat frame' is held down I r i .by its direct connection.(36z.-and 37:) with the rear end of the tongue, and is thus held by the lattenagainst tiltingflupwardf In thisway the weight of the; gang-arch A keeps the seat frame J from tilting'upwardQ atjthefront-endithereof,andthe weight of i the gang-arch is also supported on'the frame by the pendfulums' l0, as explained, so that thetongneand gang-arch resist the tendency of, the seat frame to tilt upward at its front en'd. V 1" The links 10or pendulums, as they are often. called, serve to keep the gang-arch A and main frame E in horizontal relation to each other, so that the tongue cannot roll sidewise relative to said frame. This means, of course, that the gang-arch A cannot tilt downward at either end, relative to the main frame, so that the gangs are maintained at the same depth, and at the same time the pole is prevented from tilting longitudinally relative to the main frame. lVhile the pendulums 10 are preferable for this purpose, it will be understood, of course, that any suitable means can be employed to accomplish this object, and that the invention is not limited to the exact construction shown and'described for this purpose.

It will be understood, of course, that the rods 30 can he left off, if such is necessary or desirable, so that the gangs will be free to swing sidewise relative to the tongue. On the other hand, if desired, the springs 32 can be omitted, and the nuts on the rods 30 which bear against these springs (see Fig. 5) can be brought up tight against the brackets 31, thereby absolutely resisting all lateral movement of the gangs relative to the tongue. 7

With the construction shown and described, which is illustrative of the invention, it will be seen that the'long tongue or pole C controls the two gangs, so that the latter are forcibly swung to either side to maintain them in alinement withthe tongue that is to say, to keep the draft line of each gang parallel with the tongue, whereby the tongue and draft arch and gangs constitute a structural unit to which the wheeled body frame is pivoted at its front end. Thus the tongue and draft arch A together with the two gangs are practically independent of the body frame, for while the pendulums 10 support the gang arch on the body frame, in the manner explained, it is apparent that these pendulums exercise no control over the gangarch when the body frame and wheels are skewed, or when the direction of the tongue or pole is changed. In other words, the gang arch and the gangs are controlled practically entirely by the tongue, without interference by the wheeled body frame, and the driver controls the tongue through the medium of the seat frame, and through the medium of a pivot between the tongue and the forward end of the main body frame.

lVhat I claim as my invention is 1. In a cultivating machine, a pair of vehicle wheels, a tongue extending forward and having its rear end indirectly supported by said wheels, a transverse member on said tongue, means to maintain said member at a fixed angle transversely of said'tongue, a pair of cultivator-gangs suitably connected with said member and disposed between said wheels, a seat supported for lateral movement relatively to the tongue and arranged in position to permit foot-control over said gangs by the driver occupying said seat, and instrumentalities operated by lateral movement of said seat during said foot-control to skew said wheels about a common axis relatively to the tongue;

2. In a cultivating machine, a pair of'vehicle wheels, a tongue extending forward and having its rear end indirectly supportedby said wheels, a pair ofcultivator-gangs having connection with said tongue and disposed between said wheels, means to keep the gangs parallel with the tongue, a seat mounted for lateral movement and arranged in position to permit foot control over said gangs by thedriver occupying said seat, and instrumentalitiesoperated by movement of said: seat during said foot-control to skew said wheels about a common axis relatively to said tongue, said wheels having an axle provided with a main frame which extends forward and has pivotal connection withsaid tongue to provide said axis, so that said main frame and tongue have lateral swing ing motion relatively to each other, and said instrumentalities including a seat-frame extending rearward to support said seat, said seat frame being pivotally connected with the top of said axle to turn about a vertical axis, and the forward end of said seat-frame being connected to and held down by the end of said tongue in rear of the pivoted front end of said main frame.

3. In a cultivating machine, a structure as specified in claim 2, said tongue being provided with a gang-arch connected at its lower ends at opposite sides to the front ends of said gangs, said arch being movable relatively to the main frame and means to permanently hold said. gang-arch at right angles to said tongue.

at. In a cultivating machine, a pair of vehicle wheels, a tongue extending forward and having its rear end indirectly supported by said wheels, a pair of cultivator-gangs having connection with said tongue and dis posed between said wheels, a seat mounted for lateral movement and arranged in position to permit foot-control over said gangs by the driver occupying said seat, and instrunientalities operated by movement of said seat during said foot-control to skew said wheels about a common axis relatively to said tongue, the connection between said gangs and said tongue including a gangarch supported by the tongue and braced thereonvto remain at right angles thereto during the operation of said instrumentalities.

5. In a cultivating machine, a pair of vekeep the gangsparallel with the tongue, so that the gangs'are controlled'by and swing with the tongue, a seat mounted for'lateral movement 'andarranged in position to permit' foot-control over said gangs bythe driver occupying said seat, and instrumentalities operated by movement of said seat during said foot-control to skew said wheels relatively to said tongue, said instrumentalities including an element arranged'to sup port said seat and fulcrumed between its ends to serve as a. leverfor controlling the tongue to swing the rear-ends of the gangs laterally. I Y

6. In a cultivating machine, a pair of vehiclej'wheels, a tongue extending forward and having its rear end indirectly supported by said wheels, a pair of cultivator gangs having connection with said tongue and disposedbetween said wheels, a seat mounted for lateral movement and arranged in position to permit foot-control over said gangs by the driver occupyingrsaid seat, andinstrumentalities operated .by' movement 'of said seat during said foot control to skew said wheels-relatively to said tongue, said wheels having an :axle provided with a frame which has a pivotal connectionj with'said tongue, so. thatsaid axle and frame and wheels all skew together relativelyto said tongue, said axle and frame being permanently held at right'angles to each other, the

connection between said gangs and. said tongue including a gang-arch supported by thextongue and held at right angles thereto, and said instrumentalities including a seat frame extending rearward from saidtongue to said seat,said seat-frame having atver-. 'tical pivot on said'axle and a hinge connection with the rear end of-said tongue, said hinge connection being supported entirely.

by the tongue 'andseat-frame, so that lateral movement of said-seat skews saidseat-fr'ame relatively to said axle and thereby skews said'axle in the same direction relativelyto said tongue.

' 7.- In a cultivating machine, astructure as specified inclaim 6, in combination with means including springs" to yielding'ly main tain. said gangs parallel with said tongue, so

that'when the tongue swings to either'side the rear ends'of the gangs swing to the opposite side. a I

8. Ina cultivating machine, astructure as specified in Cl&1m1,'-1I1 combination with means tending to maintain said gangs parv 'allel with said tongue and at right angles to said member when the seat is swung laterally in'either'direction." a} any a cultivating machine, 'a'pair of vehicle wheels, a tongue extending forward and having its rear'end supported-by said wheels, a pair "of cultivator-gangs having connection with said tongue and disposed betweensaid wheels, a seat mounted for-lat eral movement and arranged in position to permit foot-control over said gangs by the driver occupying said seat, instrum'entali ties operated by movement of said seatduring said foot-control to skew'said"wheels' tongue, and means 'a dapted to raise and lower said gangs and'supporte'd to skewr'elatively to said tongue", the connection between said gangs; and the tongue including aggang-arch held rigidly in fixed relation "to ing pendulums to maintain said memberia -"clistance below, together withrigid braces extending-from the tongue'to said member, a whereby said memberinfixedrelation to the tongue is :movable therewithl relatively; to them ainrframer '7 11. In aTcultivatingmachine, a pair of ve-' hiclec wheels, .a tongue extending; forward and having its rear end supported by said wheels,a-p air'of cultivatorgangs having con; nection' with said tongue and odisposednbetween said wheels, means to' keep the gangs said tongue, said means beingdisposedin parallel with theito'ngue, a seat mounted for lateral movement and arranged in position a to permit foot-control over said gangs by the driver zoccupying said seat, and .instru vmentalities operated by movement ofsa-id' seat during said-foot-control to skew said wheels about a common iaXis -r.el'aJi'/lVely:i7O

said tongue, ;saida instrumentalities including an axle forisaid wheelsand a seat-frame pivoted at'afixedipoint on saidaxle and 1 hinged at its forwardfenddirectlyuto"the rear end of. said .tonfgueEinfront; of

'iaxisg .7 12. In 'a 'cultivatingmachine,"a;pair ofver v hicle wheel's; toiigue :extending rema and having"its'.rear endiindirectly supported J-by said fwheels, a pairof cultivator-gangs having-connection witlr said tonguea'ndidis posed betweenisaid wheels, .a seat mounted V vfor lateral; movement andarranged inoposition 'to jpermit foot control over said gangs 'byrthe driver occupyingsa'id seat, and iiistrumentalities operated 'b'y movement of said wheels abouta common axis relatively provided with a frame pivoted on said tongue, the connection between said gangs :tosaid tongue,-.s'aid wh'eelshaving anaxle" I and tongue'including" a gang-arch 'on the rear end of the tongue, braces extending forward from the lower ends of each gang'- arch to.saidton e,s o;that 'theigangrarch is rigid; 1 tongue, ,and vertically c about a common-axis relatively to said 12d 7 7 said seat during said foot-control to skew Y disposed links pivotally connecting'the sides of sald frame with the lower portions of said gang-arch.

13. In a cultivating machine, in combinameans for raising andlowering'said gangs,

said axle being mounted to rock in hearings on the rear end of said frame, and links to connect said manually operated means with said axle, so that raising of said gangs causes said axle to tilt forward and backward,'said frame having pendulums to maintain said member a distance below.

14. In a cultivating machine, a pair of vehicle wheels,- a main frame supported by said wheels, a tongue extending forward and having its rear end supported by said frame, a pair of'cultivator-gangs having connection with said tongue and disposed between said wheels, a seat mounted for lateral movement and arranged in position to permit foot-control over said gangs by .the driver occupying said seat, and instrumentalities operated by movement of said seat during said foot-control to skew said wheels and frame relatively to said tongue, the connection between said gangs and-said tongue including a gang-arch, and said tongue being equipped with draft-devices connected to the lower ends of said gang-arch, so that the draft is communicated directly to the forward ends of said gangs, each gang being pivoted to swing up and down relatively to said gang-arch, means on said tongue to hold said gang-arch againstmovement relatively thereto, and means on said main frame to raise and lower saidgangs.

15. In a cultivating machine, a frame provided with vehicle wheels, a tongue having its rear portion pivotally connected with said frame, so that said frame and tongue swing relatively to each other about a vertically disposed axis, cultivator'gangs dis posed between said wheels, anelement rigid with said tongue to support the forward.

as specified in claim 15', incombination with means to prevent said frame from tilting up and down relatively to said element which is rigid with the tongue.

19. In a cultivator machine, a structure as speciied in claim 1, in combination with a main frame, and pendulum rodshung on said frame andconnected at their lower ends to said transverse member to prevent the tongue from tilting up and down relatively to said main frame, and rigid braces forsaid member which extendto the tonguein front of said pendulums.

20. In a cultivator, the combination of a tongue, a gang arch, means to hold the gang arch in fixed position on said tongue, culti vator gangs connected to said gang arch, a main frame, a pivotal connection between the tongueand the main frame, so that the tongue may swing "laterally, devices on the main frame to raise and lower the gangs relatively to the tongue, and wheels to support the main frame. r

21. A structure as specified in claim 20, said means comprising braces converging upwardly from the ends of the gang arch to said tongue. y

'22. In a-cultivator, the combination of a tongue,,a gang arch secured in fixed relation on said. tongue, cultivating gangs connected to said gang arch, devices to raise and lower the gangs relatively to :the tongue and arch, and a wheeled body frame to support said devices and said tongue.

23. In a cultivator, the combination of the following eleven instrumentalities, to-Wit: (1) a forwardly extending tongue or pole, (2) a gang-arch, (3) braces converging from the lower portions ofsaid arch to said tongue, (4) a mainbody frame, (5) anaxle and wheels to support said body frame, (6') a pivotal connection "between said *body.

frame and said tongue, wherebyithe tongue is adapted to swing laterally relatively to I saidframe, (7') cultivator gangs disposed between said wheels, (8) means forconnectingthe forward ends of said gangs to the gang-arch, (9) provisions for keeping the gangs parallel with the tongue, so thatthe gangs and the tongue always extend in the.

same direction, (10) foot pieces on the rear ends of said gangs, (11) and a seat suitably mounted in position to enable the driverto reach said foot pieces.

24. In a cultivator, the combination of a tongue, a pair of gangs, instrumentalities through which the tongue is operative to control and swing the gangs Iaterallyto maintain the line of draft of each gang parallel with the tongue, and a Wheeled body frame pivoted at its front end on the tongue, 7

so that the frame and tongue swing about a vertically disposed axis relatively to each' other.

25. A structure as specified in claim 24,

said instrumentalities Comprising .a gang arch rigidly mounted on the rear end of the tongue, in combination with laterally swinging pendulums to support the gang arch onthe body frame, the tongue and gang arch being unconnected With the Wheeled body frame except through the medium of sai axis and said pendulums. r

26. In a cultivator, the combination of 'a tongue, a pair of gangs, instrumentalities through Which the tongue. is operativefto control and swing the gangs laterally to maintain the lineof'draft of each gang parallel with thetongue, said gangs being con-. nected to swing up anddown relativelyito f said tongue, means for raising and lowering the gangs abouta. transverse axis held in fixed relation to the tongue, and a Wheeled body frame pivoted at its front end on the tongue, so thatthe frame and tongue swing about a vertically disposed axis relatively to V ALVARQ s. KROTZ,

at Chicago, Illinois, this 

